“他们不仅是一个个名字，他们曾经是我们”
近日，《纽约时报》（The New York Times）在报纸整个头版版面上，列出了1000名新冠肺炎死者的姓名、年龄和身份。
并配上了标题《美国接近10万人死亡，无法计算的损失》（US deaths near 100,000, an incalculable loss），导语中写道，“他们不仅仅是列表中的一个个名字，他们曾经是我们。”（They were not simply names on a list. They were us.）
无注释原文：
The Project Behind a Front Page Full of Names
New York Times
Times Insider explains who we are and what we do, and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together.
Instead of the articles, photographs or graphics that normally appear on the front page of The New York Times, on Sunday, there is just a list: a long, solemn list of people whose lives were lost to the coronavirus pandemic.
As the death toll from Covid-19 in the United States approaches 100,000, a number expected to be reached in the coming days, editors at The Times have been planning how to mark the grim milestone.
Simone Landon, assistant editor of the Graphics desk, wanted to represent the number in a way that conveyed both the vastness and the variety of lives lost.
Departments across The Times have been robustly covering the coronavirus pandemic for months. But Ms. Landon and her colleagues realized that “both among ourselves and perhaps in the general reading public, there’s a little bit of a fatigue with the data.”
“We knew we were approaching this milestone,” she added. “We knew that there should be some way to try to reckon with that number.”
Putting 100,000 dots or stick figures on a page “doesn’t really tell you very much about who these people were, the lives that they lived, what it means for us as a country,” Ms. Landon said. So, she came up with the idea of compiling obituaries and death notices of Covid-19 victims from newspapers large and small across the country, and culling vivid passages from them.
Alain Delaquérière, a researcher, combed through various sources online for obituaries and death notices with Covid-19 written as the cause of death. He compiled a list of nearly a thousand names from hundreds of newspapers. A team of editors from across the newsroom, in addition to three graduate student journalists, read them and gleaned phrases that depicted the uniqueness of each life lost:
“Alan Lund, 81, Washington, conductor with ‘the most amazing ear’ … ”
“Theresa Elloie, 63, New Orleans, renowned for her business making detailed pins and corsages … ”
“Florencio Almazo Morán, 65, New York City, one-man army … ”
“Coby Adolph, 44, Chicago, entrepreneur and adventurer … ”
Ms. Landon compared the result to a “rich tapestry” that she could not have woven by herself. Clinton Cargill, assistant editor on the National desk, was Ms. Landon’s “editing co-pilot,” she said. Other key players in the project were Matt Ruby, deputy editor of Digital News Design; Annie Daniel, a software engineer; and the graphics editors Jonathan Huang, Richard Harris and Lazaro Gamio. Andrew Sondern, an art director, is behind the print design.
Marc Lacey, National editor, had warned Tom Bodkin, chief creative officer of The Times, that the milestone was coming. “I wanted something that people would look back on in 100 years to understand the toll of what we’re living through,” Mr. Lacey said in an email.
For the front page of the paper, two ideas stood out: either a grid of hundreds of pictures of those who had lost their lives to Covid-19, or an “all type” concept, Mr. Bodkin said. Whichever approach was chosen, he said, “we wanted to take over the entire page.”
The all-type concept came to the fore. Such a treatment “would be hugely dramatic,” he said.
The design references that of centuries-old newspapers, which Mr. Bodkin is keenly interested in. For many years after The Times started publishing in 1851, there were no headlines, in the modern sense.
“It was kind of running text with little subheads,” Mr. Bodkin said, describing newspapers in the mid-1800s.
Mr. Bodkin said he did not remember any front pages without images during his 40 years at The Times, “though there have been some pages with only graphics,” he said, adding, “This is certainly a first in modern times.”
- ◆ -
含注释全文：
The Project Behind a Front Page Full of Names
New York Times
Times Insider explains who we are and what we do, and delivers behind-the-scenes insights into how our journalism comes together.
Instead of the articles, photographs or graphics that normally appear on the front page of The New York Times, on Sunday, there is just a list: a long, solemn list of people whose lives were lost to the coronavirus pandemic.
solemn
1）表示“庄严的；严正的；郑重的”，英文解释为“done, said, etc. in a very serious and sincere way”，如：a solemn oath/undertaking/vow, etc. 庄严的誓言、郑重的承诺、严肃的誓约等。
2）表示“冷峻的；表情严肃的”，英文解释为“not happy or smiling”，如：a solemn expression 冷峻的表情。
As the death toll from Covid-19 in the United States approaches 100,000, a number expected to be reached in the coming days, editors at The Times have been planning how to mark the grim milestone.
toll
1）表示“(道路或桥梁）收费；通行费”，英文解释为“A toll road or toll bridge is a road or bridge that you have to pay to use.”举个🌰：
Most people who drive the toll roads don't use them every day.
大部分开车上收费公路的人不是每天都走公路。
2）表示“（死亡、事故或灾难的）总数”，英文解释为“A toll is a total number of deaths, accidents, or disasters that occur in a particular period of time.”举个🌰：
There are fears that the casualty toll may be higher.
人们担心伤亡人数可能会更多。
grim
1）表示“严酷的；令人沮丧的”，英文解释为“A situation or piece of information that is grim is unpleasant, depressing, and difficult to accept.”举个🌰：
There was further grim news yesterday.
昨天有更令人沮丧的新闻。
2）表示“（地方）阴沉的”，英文解释为“A place that is grim is unattractive and depressing in appearance.”举个🌰：
The city might be grim at first, but there is a vibrancy and excitement.
这个城市也许一开始沉闷，但它有一种活力和激情。
Simone Landon, assistant editor of the Graphics desk, wanted to represent the number in a way that conveyed both the vastness and the variety of lives lost.
desk
熟词僻义，表示“（报纸或广播公司负责某一类新闻的）办公处，部，室，组”，英文解释为“an office that deals with a particular type of news for a newspaper or broadcasting company”，如：the foreign/sports desk 国际/体育部，the news desk 新闻部，举个🌰：
Now let's hear from L at our travel desk.
现在我们来听听旅行部的L带来的新闻。
Departments across The Times have been robustly covering the coronavirus pandemic for months. But Ms. Landon and her colleagues realized that “both among ourselves and perhaps in the general reading public, there’s a little bit of a fatigue with the data.”
fatigue
表示“疲劳；劳累”，英文解释为“a feeling of being extremely tired, usually because of hard work or exercise”，如：physical and mental fatigue 身体和精神的疲劳。
“We knew we were approaching this milestone,” she added. “We knew that there should be some way to try to reckon with that number.”
Putting 100,000 dots or stick figures on a page “doesn’t really tell you very much about who these people were, the lives that they lived, what it means for us as a country,” Ms. Landon said. So, she came up with the idea of compiling obituaries and death notices of Covid-19 victims from newspapers large and small across the country, and culling vivid passages from them.
stick figures
表示“人物线条画（头部为圆圈、其他部位均为单线条）”，英文解释为“a simple picture of a person in which the head is drawn as a circle and the body, arms, and legs are drawn as lines”。
obituary
obituary /əˈbɪtjʊərɪ/ 表示“（报纸上的）讣告，讣文”，英文解释为“an article about sb's life and achievements, that is printed in a newspaper soon after they have died”。
cull sth from sth
cull sth from sth 表示“选出；挑出；采集”，英文解释为“to choose or collect sth from a source or several different sources”，如：an exhibition of paintings culled from regional art galleries 从各地区画廊中精选出来的绘画作品展。
Alain Delaquérière, a researcher, combed through various sources online for obituaries and death notices with Covid-19 written as the cause of death. He compiled a list of nearly a thousand names from hundreds of newspapers. A team of editors from across the newsroom, in addition to three graduate student journalists, read them and gleaned phrases that depicted the uniqueness of each life lost:
comb /kəʊm/
1）表示“梳，梳理（头发）”，英文解释为“to pull a comb through your hair in order to make it neat”举个🌰：
Don't forget to comb your hair!
别忘了梳一下头发！
2）表示“仔细搜索；搜寻”，英文解释为“to search sth carefully in order to find sb/sth”举个🌰：
The police combed the area for clues.
警察彻底搜索了那个地区以寻找线索。
🎬 电影《杰罗德游戏》（Gerald's Game）中的台词提到：That in all the reports, all the cops that combed through that house, they never found my wedding ring 在报告中，所有警察把那幢房子翻了底朝天 但他们从未找到我的结婚戒指。
glean /ɡliːn/
表示“费力地收集，四处搜集（信息、知识等）”，英文解释为“to obtain information, knowledge etc., sometimes with difficulty and often from various different places”举个🌰：
These figures have been gleaned from a number of studies.
这些数据是通过多次研究收集得来的。
🎬 电影《冲出宁静号》（Serenity）中台词提到：Whatever secrets she might have accidentally gleaned... it's probable she doesn't even know she knows them. 即使她无意中 得知了什么秘密…她可能都不知道自己掌握秘密。
🎬 电影《预科生的贩毒网络》（The Preppie Connection）中就提到英国著名诗人约翰·济慈（John Keats）很有名的一首诗「When I Have Fears」中的句子：
When I have fears that I may cease to be
Before my pen has gleaned my teeming brain,
Before high piled books, in charactery,
...
每当我害怕生命或许就要止息，
我的笔来不及苦集盈溢的思绪，
或把文字变为高高堆起的书籍，
“Alan Lund, 81, Washington, conductor with ‘the most amazing ear’ … ”
“Theresa Elloie, 63, New Orleans, renowned for her business making detailed pins and corsages … ”
📍pin：a short thin piece of stiff wire with a sharp point at one end and an item of decoration at the other, worn as jewellery 胸针；饰针
🌺 corsage：a small bunch of flowers that is worn on a woman's dress, for example at a wedding （婚礼等女服上佩戴的）小花束
“Florencio Almazo Morán, 65, New York City, one-man army … ”
“Coby Adolph, 44, Chicago, entrepreneur and adventurer … ”
Ms. Landon compared the result to a “rich tapestry” that she could not have woven by herself. Clinton Cargill, assistant editor on the National desk, was Ms. Landon’s “editing co-pilot,” she said. Other key players in the project were Matt Ruby, deputy editor of Digital News Design; Annie Daniel, a software engineer; and the graphics editors Jonathan Huang, Richard Harris and Lazaro Gamio. Andrew Sondern, an art director, is behind the print design.
tapestry
tapestry /ˈtæpɪstrɪ/ 表示“壁毯；挂毯；织锦；绣帷”，英文解释为“a picture or pattern that is made by weaving coloured wool onto heavy cloth; the art of doing this”。
co-pilot
表示“（飞机的）副驾驶员”，英文解释为“a second pilot who helps the main pilot in an aircraft”。
Marc Lacey, National editor, had warned Tom Bodkin, chief creative officer of The Times, that the milestone was coming. “I wanted something that people would look back on in 100 years to understand the toll of what we’re living through,” Mr. Lacey said in an email.
For the front page of the paper, two ideas stood out: either a grid of hundreds of pictures of those who had lost their lives to Covid-19, or an “all type” concept, Mr. Bodkin said. Whichever approach was chosen, he said, “we wanted to take over the entire page.”
The all-type concept came to the fore. Such a treatment “would be hugely dramatic,” he said.
type
作名词，可以表示“（印刷或打印的）文字，字体，字型”，英文解释为“letters that are printed or typed”，比如in bold type 就是指黑体或者粗体，举个🌰：
The type was too small for me to read.
这种印刷文字太小，我看不清。
to the fore
come to the fore 涌现；崭露头角，to the fore表示“公众的关注；显要位置”，英文解释为“to public attention or into a noticeable position”举个🌰：
Various ecological issues have come to the fore since the discovery of the hole in the earth's ozone layer.
自从发现地球臭氧层空洞以来，各种生态问题成为公众关注的热点。
The design references that of centuries-old newspapers, which Mr. Bodkin is keenly interested in. For many years after The Times started publishing in 1851, there were no headlines, in the modern sense.
“It was kind of running text with little subheads,” Mr. Bodkin said, describing newspapers in the mid-1800s.
Mr. Bodkin said he did not remember any front pages without images during his 40 years at The Times, “though there have been some pages with only graphics,” he said, adding, “This is certainly a first in modern times.”
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